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Bitwise NON EQUIVALENCE operator.

The bitwise operators perform operations of bitwise AND, bitwise OR, bitwise NOT and bitwise non-equivalence.

The priority of these operators is less binding that the arithmetic ones, but more binding that the comparisons.

Parentheses may be used as above to force particular groupings.

Syntax

a # b  (bitwise NON EQUIVALENCE)

where the arguments \(a\) and \(b\) may be further expressions. They are converted to the nearest integer to machine precision and then the operation is performed.

Examples

Here is an example for the bitwise-group, comparing the different bitwise opcodes. It uses the file bitwise-group-modern.csd.

Example of the bitwise group.
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<CsoundSynthesizer>
<CsOptions>
--nosound
</CsOptions>
<CsInstruments>

sr     = 44100
ksmps  = 32
nchnls = 2
0dbfs  = 1

; By Daniele Cucchi - 2020

;a & b: bitwise AND
;a | b: bitwise OR
;a # b: bitwise NON EQUIVALENCE - XOR
; ~ a: bitwise NOT

instr 1
  ArrayA:k[] = fillarray(0, 0, 1, 1)  ; Fill array "A" with 4 values: 0, 0, 1, 1
  i0A = i(ArrayA, 0)
  i1A = i(ArrayA, 1)
  i2A = i(ArrayA, 2)
  i3A = i(ArrayA, 3)

  ArrayB:k[] = fillarray(0, 1, 0, 1)  ; Fill array "B" with 4 values: 0, 1, 0, 1
  i0B = i(ArrayB, 0)
  i1B = i(ArrayB, 1)
  i2B = i(ArrayB, 2)
  i3B = i(ArrayB, 3)

  ; Bitwise operations & fill arrays
  AND:k[] = ArrayA & ArrayB
  OR:k[] = ArrayA | ArrayB
  NON:k[] = fillarray(i0B # i0A, i1B # i1A, i2B # i2A, i3B # i3A)
  NOT:k[] = fillarray(~i0A & 1, ~i1A & 1, ~i2A & 1, ~i3A & 1)

  ; Print values 
  printarray(AND, "%d", "= bitwise AND")
  printarray(OR, "%d", "= bitwise OR")
  printarray(NON, "%d", "= bitwise NON")
  printarray(NOT, "%d", "= bitwise NOT")
endin

</CsInstruments>
<CsScore>
i1 0 0.001
e
</CsScore>
</CsoundSynthesizer>

Here is an example for the bitwise-group, comparing the different bitwise opcodes. It uses the file bitwise-group.csd.

Example of the bitwise group.
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<CsoundSynthesizer>
<CsOptions>
--nosound
</CsOptions>
<CsInstruments>

sr     =    44100
ksmps  =    32
nchnls =    2
0dbfs  =    1

; By Daniele Cucchi - 2020

;a & b: bitwise AND
;a | b: bitwise OR
;a # b: bitwise NON EQUIVALENCE - XOR
; ~ a: bitwise NOT

instr 1

kArrayA[] fillarray 0, 0, 1, 1  ; Fill array "A" with 4 values: 0, 0, 1, 1
i0A = i(kArrayA, 0)
i1A = i(kArrayA, 1)
i2A = i(kArrayA, 2)
i3A = i(kArrayA, 3)

kArrayB[] fillarray 0, 1, 0, 1  ; Fill array "B" with 4 values: 0, 1, 0, 1
i0B = i(kArrayB, 0)
i1B = i(kArrayB, 1)
i2B = i(kArrayB, 2)
i3B = i(kArrayB, 3)

; Bitwise operations & fill arrays
kAND[] = kArrayA & kArrayB
kOR[] = kArrayA | kArrayB
kNON[] fillarray i0B # i0A, i1B # i1A, i2B # i2A, i3B # i3A
kNOT[] fillarray  ~ i0A, ~ i1A, ~ i2A, ~ i3A

; Print values 
printarray kAND, "%d", "= bitwise AND"
printarray kOR, "%d", "= bitwise OR"
printarray kNON, "%d", "= bitwise NON"
printarray kNOT, "%d", "= bitwise NOT\n"

endin

</CsInstruments>
<CsScore>
i1 0 1
e
</CsScore>
</CsoundSynthesizer>

See also

Arithmetic and Logic Operations