Description

An oscillator which takes tonality and brightness as arguments, relative to a base frequency.

Syntax

ares hsboscil kamp, ktone, kbrite, ibasfreq, iwfn, ioctfn \
               [, ioctcnt] [, iphs]

Initialization

ibasfreq -- base frequency to which tonality and brighness are relative

iwfn -- function table of the waveform, usually a sine

ioctfn -- function table used for weighting the octaves, usually something like:

ioctcnt (optional) -- number of octaves used for brightness blending. Must be in the range 2 to 10. Default is 3.

iphs (optional, default=0) -- initial phase of the oscillator. If iphs = -1, initialization is skipped.

Performance

kamp -- amplitude of note

ktone -- cyclic tonality parameter relative to ibasfreq in logarithmic octave, range 0 to 1, values > 1 can be used, and are internally reduced to frac(ktone).

kbrite -- brightness parameter relative to ibasfreq, achieved by weighting ioctcnt octaves. It is scaled in such a way, that a value of 0 corresponds to the orignal value of ibasfreq, 1 corresponds to one octave above ibasfreq, -2 corresponds to two octaves below ibasfreq, etc. kbrite may be fractional.

hsboscil takes tonality and brightness as arguments, relative to a base frequency (ibasfreq). Tonality is a cyclic parameter in the logarithmic octave, brightness is realized by mixing multiple weighted octaves. It is useful when tone space is understood in a concept of polar coordinates.

Making ktone a line, and kbrite a constant, produces Risset's glissando.

Oscillator table iwfn is always read interpolated. Performance time requires about ioctcnt * oscili.

Examples

Here is an example of the hsboscil opcode. It uses the file hsboscil.csd.

<CsoundSynthesizer>
<CsOptions>
; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform
-odac     ;;;realtime audio out
;-iadc    ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too
; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:
; -o hsboscil.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform
</CsOptions>
<CsInstruments>

sr = 44100
ksmps = 32
nchnls = 2
0dbfs  = 1

; synth waveform
giwave  ftgen 1, 0, 1024, 10, 1, 1, 1, 1
; blending window
giblend ftgen 2, 0, 1024, -19, 1, 0.5, 270, 0.5

instr 1 ; produces Risset's glissando.

  kamp = .4
  kbrite = 0.3
  ibasfreq = 200
  ioctcnt = 5

  ; Change ktone linearly from 0 to 1, 
  ; over the period defined by p3.
  ktone line 0, p3, 1

asig hsboscil kamp, ktone, kbrite, ibasfreq, giwave, giblend, ioctcnt
     outs asig, asig

endin
</CsInstruments>
<CsScore>

i 1 0 10
e
</CsScore>
</CsoundSynthesizer>

Here is an example of the hsboscil opcode in a MIDI instrument. It uses the file hsboscil_midi.csd.

<CsoundSynthesizer>
<CsOptions>
; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform
; Audio out  
-odac   -M0 ;;;realtime audio out and realtime MIDI in
;-iadc    ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too
; -o hsboscil_midi.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform
</CsOptions>
<CsInstruments>

sr = 44100
ksmps = 32
nchnls = 2
0dbfs  = 1

; synth waveform
giwave  ftgen 1, 0, 1024, 10, 1, 1, 1, 1
; blending window
giblend ftgen 2, 0, 1024, -19, 1, 0.5, 270, 0.5

instr 1

ibase = cpsoct(6)
ioctcnt = 5

; all octaves sound alike.
  itona octmidi
  ; velocity is mapped to brightness
  ibrite ampmidi 4

; Map an exponential envelope for the amplitude.
kenv expon .8, 1, .01
asig hsboscil kenv, itona, ibrite, ibase, giwave, giblend, ioctcnt
     outs asig, asig

endin
</CsInstruments>
<CsScore>

i 1 0 30 ; play for 30 seconds
e
</CsScore>
</CsoundSynthesizer>

See also

Additive Synthesis/Resynthesis

Credits

New in Csound version 3.58